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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク minimal coupling ： ウィキペディア英語版 minimal coupling In physics, minimal coupling refers to a coupling between fields which involves only the charge distribution and not higher multipole moments of the charge distribution. This minimal coupling is in contrast to, for example, Pauli coupling, which includes the magnetic moment of an electron directly in the Lagrangian. In electrodynamics, minimal coupling is adequate to account for all electromagnetic interactions. Higher moments of particles are consequences of minimal coupling and non-zero spin. Mathematically, minimal coupling is achieved by subtracting the charge ($q$) times the four-potential ($A\_\backslash mu$) from the four-momentum ($p\_\backslash mu$) in the Lagrangian or Hamiltonian: :$p\_\backslash mu\; \backslash mapsto\; p\_\backslash mu\; -\; q\; \backslash \; A\_\backslash mu$ :''Taken almost verbatim from Doughty's Lagrangian Interaction, pg. 456''〔 〕 See the Hamiltonian mechanics article for a full derivation and examples. ==Inflation== In studies of cosmological inflation, ''minimal coupling'' of a scalar field usually refers to minimal coupling to gravity. This means that the action for the field $\backslash varphi$ (called the inflaton in the context of inflation) is not coupled to the scalar curvature. Its only coupling to gravity is the coupling to the Lorentz invariant measure $\backslash sqrt\backslash ,\; d^4\; x$ constructed from the metric (in Planck units): :$S\; =\backslash int\; d^4\; x\; \backslash ,\; \backslash sqrt\; \backslash ,\; \backslash left(-\backslash fracR\; +\; \backslash frac\backslash nabla\_\backslash mu\; \backslash varphi\; \backslash nabla^\backslash mu\; \backslash varphi\; -\; V(\backslash varphi)\backslash right)$ where $g\; :=\; \backslash det\; g\_$. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「minimal coupling」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.